Fundamentals of building construction pdf free

The bestselling reference focuses on the basic materials and methods used in building construction, emphasizing common construction systems such as light wood frames, masonry bearing walls,. The leading guide to professional home construction—now updated and revised!

Fundamentals of Residential Construction, Third Edition features the most up-to-date explanations of today's residential construction systems. From foundation to roof and exterior finishes to interior details, this new edition thoroughly addresses the latest developments in materials and methods of.

This essential companion to Fundamentals of Building Construction, Sixth Edition, involves students in the types of everyday issues faced by professional building architects. Fundamentals of Building Performance Simulation pares the theory and practice of a multi-disciplinary field to the essentials for classroom learning and real-world applications. Available in PDF, ePub. Geotechnical Fundamentals and Applications in Construction. The contributions present the latest research findings, developments, and applications in.

The Interactive Resource Center is an online learning environment where instructors and students can access the tools. The comprehensive reference on the basics of structural analysis and design, now updated with the latest considerations of building technology Structural design is an essential element of the building process, yet one of the most difficult to learn.

The finish flooring materials the plumbing fixtures, electrical outlets, and air are installed as late in the process as possible to registers and grills, inspectors from the local save them from damage by the passing armies of building department check each of the systems workers, and carpenters follow behind the floor- for compliance with the plumbing, electrical, and ing installers to add the baseboards that cover the mechanical codes, as well as to ensure that fram- last of the rough edges in the construction.

The plumbers, electricians, and connections are made to external sources of sheet metal workers make brief return appear- water, gas, electricity, and communications ser- ances on the heels of the painters to install the vices, and to a means of sewage disposal, either plumbing fixtures; the electrical receptacles, a sewer main or a septic tank and leaching switches, and lighting fixtures; and the air grills field.

Thermal insulation and a vapor retarder and registers. At last, following a final round of are added to the exterior ceilings and walls. Photo courtesy of Selkirk Metalbestos Figure 7. The large flue is for a fireplace, and the three smaller flues are for a furnace and two wood- burning stoves.

Photo by Edward Allen Figure 7. All fixtures drain to the building drain through sloping or vertical branch lines. The waste pipe is vented to the exterior at each fixture through a network of vent pipes, shown with broken lines. Water enters the house through a buried line and branches into two parallel sets of distribution lines. One is for cold water. The other passes through the water heater and supplies hot water.

Figure 7. The copper supply pipes for hot and cold water are installed next. The double wall framing on the second floor allows plenty of space for the waste, vent, and supply pipes. The second-floor joists are located to provide a slot through which the pipes can pass at the base of the double wall, and the joists beneath the water closet toilet are headed off to house its waste pipe.

The first floor shows an alternative type of wall framing using a single layer of deeper studs, which must be drilled to permit horizontal runs of pipe to pass through.

The furnace is in the The installation of this hot air furnace basement. It burns gas or oil, or uses electric resistance heating to warm a heat and air conditioning unit is almost com- exchanger that creates warm air.

It blows the warm air through sheet metal supply plete, needing only electrical connec- ducts to registers in the floor near the exterior walls. The air returns to the furnace tions. The metal pipe running diagonally through a centrally located return air duct that has a return air grill near the ceiling of to the left carries the exhaust gases from each floor. With the addition of a heat pump or air conditioner, this system can deliver the oil burner to the masonry chimney. The ductwork is insulated to prevent moisture from condensing on it during the cooling season and to prevent exces- sive losses of energy from the ducts.

Courtesy of Trus Joist Corporation Figure 7. The boiler burns gas or oil, or uses electric resistance heating to heat water. Pumps circulate the water through pipes that lead to convectors in various zones of the building. Inside each convector, a pipe heats closely spaced metal fins that warm the air in the room.

The sheet metal convector covers are shown schematically and have been cut away in this drawing to reveal the metal fins. There are four zones, two upstairs and two downstairs. Water is heated in a boiler and pumped through a supply manifold, where thermostatically controlled valves control the water flow to each of the zones. Then holes are drilled through the framing, and the plastic-sheathed cable, which houses two insulated copper conductors and an uninsulated ground wire, is pulled through the holes and into the boxes, where it is held by insulated staples driven into the wood.

After the interior wall materials are in place, the electrician returns to connect outlets, lighting fixtures, and switches to the wires and the boxes and to affix cover plates to finish the installation. Photo by Edward Allen prevent the harmful accumulation of condensation within the exterior walls, roof, and other enclosure assemblies of the building.

Insulating the Building Frame Thermal insulating materials resist the conduction of heat. Thermal insu- lation is added to virtually all buildings to limit winter heat loss and reduce summer cooling loads.

A material with a higher R-value is a better insu- lator than one with a lower R-value. Glass fiber batts are the most The walls, roofs, and other surfaces of the exterior surfaces of the building.

They reduce the en- ures 6. For a more and moisture between the interior and ergy consumption of the building for in-depth discussion of the role of exterior of the building. Well-designed heating and cooling to a fraction of thermal insulation in buildings, see and carefully constructed enclosure what it otherwise would be.

May settle drilled in the siding somewhat in walls. Also used as burned wall insulation. The R-values offer a direct means of comparing the relative effectiveness of the different types. For more information on rigid insulation boards commonly used with low-slope, see Figure The batts are unfaced and stay in place between the studs by friction. The R-value of the insulation is printed on the facing.

Vent spacers should be used at the eaves see Figure 6. Batts in this type of installation are usually retained in place by pieces of stiff wire cut slightly longer than the distance between joists and sprung into place at frequent intervals below the insulation. The header space between the joist ends has already been insulated. See also Figure 5. At the time of spraying, the components are dense liquids, but they react immediately with one another to produce a low-density foam, as has already oc- curred at the bottom of the cavity.

The foam in the cavity to the right has already been trimmed off flush with the studs. Courtesy of Icynene, Inc. To achieve a higher insu- Figure 7. Spray foam R RSI to A vapor retarder was installed on the bottom side of the joists and then a gypsum board ceiling, which supports the insulation.

Vent spacers were installed at the eaves to prevent the insula- tion from blocking eave vents. Courtesy of Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation of the relatively high R-value per insulation layer, creating wall areas The insulation level can also be thickness of these materials, and in with a lower thermal resistance than reduced where ceiling insulation the case of spray foam, its ability to surrounding areas and reducing the under a sloped roof must be com- also reduce air leakage.

Use of advanced framing tech- ing space between the roof sheathing methods for reducing thermal bridg- niques Figure 5. This ing at corners and at headers over sheathing Figure 7. Thermal bridg- examples of other approaches to 7. A raised-heel roof truss Figure ing occurs where solid framing reducing thermal bridging in wall 7. The foam sheathing insulates the wood framing members as well as the cavities between them but can complicate the process of installing some types of siding.

Two alternative header details are shown here in section view: a The header members are installed flush with the interior and exterior surfaces of the studs, with an insulated space between. This detail is thermally efficient but may not provide sufficient nailing for interior finish materials around the window. These are thin sheets or or primer paint placed on the warm Air Barriers panels faced with a bright metal foil side of thermal insulation to prevent that blocks the transmission of infra- water vapor from entering the insula- Air barriers control the leakage of air red heat radiation.

Most types of ra- tion and condensing into liquid. The through the building enclosure. They are effective only if the tion levels increase, and for interior tration of humid air. The role of the bright surface of the barrier faces a spaces such as pools or spas with high air barrier in the building enclosure ventilated airspace; this allows the re- humidity levels. Some radi- foil already attached. Or, when plastic matically.

Radiant barriers are used in batts and to apply a separate vapor re- sheeting used as a vapor retarder is combination with conventional insu- tarder of polyethylene sheet, because carefully sealed against air leakage, lating materials to achieve the desired a vapor retarder attached to batts it too can function as an air barrier. In the ADA, the air barrier system is constructed of gypsum wallboard, wood framing members, and the concrete foundation wall the shaded elements in the figure.

Tapes and caulks see the enlarged inset are used to seal leakage paths between these components. In this method, gaskets or joint sealants during the in- tion to joint sealing during the con- meticulous attention is given to seal- stallation of these members; gypsum struction of the building frame and ing joints between these panels and board is applied to all the interior the installation of drywall.

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