Brazilian jiu-jitsu the closed guard book of knowledge pdf

With Camarillo playing the thankless "opponent" role, Penn goes through basic drills 8 pages , the closed guard fundamentals 10 pages , chokes 51 pages , arm attacks pages and sweeps and transitions 36 pages. One thing becomes very clear from even the most cursory review of this book, Penn regards the Closed Guard as an offensive position. And the defensive references are limited to detailing the offensive possibilities presented by an opponent's attempts to pass or stand up out of the guard.

One thing I especially enjoyed about The Closed Guard is the number of moves from Frank Mir's arsenal that I found described in its pages. Both the Mir Shoulder Lock B. I think this is because Ribeiro and Penn were competing at the top levels of Jiu Jitsu in the same period and reflect the state-of-the-art at the turn of the century.

But don't take that to mean that B. Jiu Jitsu, like all martial arts in the 21st Century is evolving at an incredibly rapid rate and the latest innovations of the specialists in any one discipline are likely going to be over the heads of most general practiioners. The book is the usual great Victory Belt production. The sections are color coded for easy reference in the gym. Each move is described step-by-step and each step is illustrated by sharp color photos -- with extra detail shots when necessary.

In trying to do my due diligence as a book reviewer, I did conclude that the lack of an index is regrettable, although the organization, color-coding and detailed table of contents go a long way towards eliminating the need for one. I imagine Kenny Florian has already purchased his copy.

It's too bad for KenFlo that the other eight installments will come out long after he has had his shot against B.

Honestly, if I were a competing MMA fighter, I would be somewhat leery of publishing my techniques because savvy opponents will be studying them closely, looking for insights. Cookie banner We use cookies and other tracking technologies to improve your browsing experience on our site, show personalized content and targeted ads, analyze site traffic, and understand where our audiences come from.

By choosing I Accept , you consent to our use of cookies and other tracking technologies. Filed under: MMA Technique. Bloody Elbow Book Review: B. In side control, the practitioner pins his opponent to the ground from the side of their torso. The top grappler lies across the opponent with weight applied to the opponent's chest.

The opponent may be further controlled by pressure on either side of the shoulders and hips from the practitioner's elbows, shoulders, and knees. A wide variety of submissions can be initiated from side control. It is also referred to as the side mount. Additionally, the typical side mount increases opportunity for the top grappler to advance to other dominant positions.

This position is often used in MMA as it allows the top fighter to strike whilst overcoming their opponents defence. Variants of the side control include Twister Side Control popularized by Eddie Bravo , Brazilian Crossbody, kesa gatame, 'Wrestler Pin', knee mount, and other positions.

In the mount or full mount position, the practitioner sits astride the opponent's front torso or chest, controlling the opponent with his bodyweight and hips. In the strongest form of this position, the practitioner works his knees into the opponent's armpits to reduce arm movements and ability to move or counter submission attempts. Full Mount can be used to apply a variety of submissions including armlocks or chokes. When taking the back mount position often known in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu as the back grab or attacking the back , the practitioner attaches to the back of the opponent by wrapping his legs around and hooking the opponent's thighs with their heels.

Simultaneously, the upper body is controlled by wrapping the arms around the chest or neck of the opponent. This position is often used to apply chokeholds, as well as arm bars and triangles, and neutralizes an opponent's potential size or strength advantage. The North South position occurs when a practitioner is lying on their back on the ground and their opponent is lying on top, with the head over the chest area and controlling the bottom practitioner's arms.

As with most top controlling positions in BJJ, the top practitioner applies pressure by bringing their hips downwards towards the ground, generating what is referred to as deadweight.

There are several submissions and transitions that are possible from the North South position, most commonly the North South choke, North South kimura, and others. When in the 'Guard' position, the practitioner is on their back controlling an opponent with his legs. The bottom practitioner pushes and pulls with the legs or feet to unbalance and limit the movements of his opponent. This position allows practitioners a wide variety of counter-attacks from the bottom position, including submissions and sweeps.

In closed guard, the bottom grappler has his legs around the opponent's hips, with ankles closed together to control their opponent. The closed guard can be an effective position. This guard allows many setups for submissions such as jointlocks and chokes, as well as sweeps. In the open guard, the legs are not hooked together and the bottom grappler uses his legs or feet to push or pull their opponent. Butterfly guard is when the bottom grappler brings his legs up and feet together against the inner thighs of top opponent.

The name is derived from the resulting butterfly wing shape. Butterfly guard increases both space to maneuver and the ability counter the opponent with the shins or arches of the feet against the competitor's inner thighs. In the half guard, one of the top grappler's legs is controlled by the bottom grappler's legs, preventing the top opponent from passing side control or full mount positions.

Another variation of the half guard position is the 'deep half guard', which involves the bottom grappler positioning themselves underneath their opponent, grabbing the top grappler's thigh.

This gives the individual on the bottom the opportunity to sweep their opponent, and end up on a more dominant, top position. The majority of submission holds can be grouped into two broad categories: joint locks and chokes. Joint locks typically involve isolating an opponent's limb and creating a lever with the body position, which will force the joint to move past its normal range of motion.

A choke hold can disrupt the blood supply to the brain and cause unconsciousness if the opponent does not tap when required. A less common type of submission hold is a compression lock, where the muscle of an opponent is compressed against a hard, large bone commonly the shin or wrist , causing significant pain to the opponent. These types of locks are not usually allowed in competition due to the high risk of tearing muscle tissue. This type of lock also often hyper-extends the joint in the opposite direction, pulling it apart.

Some compression locks include the Achilles lock, Bicep slicer, and Leg slicer or Calf slicer. While many joint locks are permitted in BJJ, most competitions ban or restrict some or all joint locks that involve the knees, ankles, and spine. The reason for this is that the angles of manipulation required to cause pain are nearly the same as those that would cause serious injury.

Joint locks that require a twisting motion of the knee such as heel hooks or knee bars are usually banned in competitions because successfully completing the move can frequently result in permanent damage, often requiring surgery. Similarly, joint manipulations of the spine are typically barred due to the inherent danger of crushing or misaligning cervical vertebrae.

Leglocks are allowed in varying degrees depending on skill level, with the most prominent BJJ tournaments typically allowing only the straight ankle lock and muscle stretching submissions such as the 'banana split' from white through purple belt, with the kneebar, toehold, and calf slicer submissions being permitted at brown and black belt.

Most competitions do not allow heel hooks, which are considered to be exceptionally dangerous. Joint locks include armbars, kimuras, Americanas, straight-arm lock, omoplata, gogoplata, marceloplata, banana split or electric chair , twister, Peruvian necktie, Japanese necktie, wrist lock, heel hook, toehold, kneebar, straight ankle lock, and others.

Chokes are common forms of submission. In BJJ, the chokes that are used put pressure on the carotid arteries, and may also apply pressure to the nerve baroreceptors in the neck. This kind of choke is very fast acting if done properly with victims typically losing consciousness in around 3—5 seconds. In contrast, an air choke involving constriction of the windpipe can take up to two minutes, depending on how long the person can hold their breath, and may cause serious damage to the throat.

Chokes include rear-naked choke, triangle, bow and arrow choke, sleeve choke or Ezekiel choke , guillotine, cross collar choke or X choke , baseball choke, D'Arce, clock choke, Arm triangle choke, north-south choke, crucifix choke, anaconda choke, Gogoplata, loop choke, and others.

The Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioner's uniform commonly referred to using the Japanese terms gi or kimono is similar to a judogi, but often made of lighter material with tighter cuffs on the pants and jacket. This allows the practitioner to benefit from a closer fit, providing less material for an opponent to manipulate, although there is a significant overlap in the standards that allows for a carefully selected gi to be legal for competition in both styles.

Traditionally, to be promoted in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, the wearing of the Jiu-Jitsu gi while training is a requirement. Recently with the growing popularity of 'no-gi' Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, the practice of giving out belts to no gi practitioners e.

The Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu ranking system awards a practitioner different colored belts to signify increasing levels of technical knowledge and practical skill. While the system's structure shares its origins with the judo ranking system and the origins of all colored belts, it now contains many of its own unique aspects and themes.

Others are quite distinct and have become synonymous with the art, such as a marked informality in promotional criteria, including as a focus on a competitive demonstration of skill, and a conservative approach to promotion in general. Traditionally, the concept of competitive skill demonstration as a quickened and earned route of promotion holds true. In addition, the use of a grey belt has been instituted for many children's programs to signal progress between the white and yellow belt rankings.

Unlike in some martial arts such as judo and karate, a black belt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu commonly takes more than several years to earn, and the rank is generally considered expert level. The amount of time it takes to achieve the rank of black belt varies between the practitioner. Some notable individuals who had previous backgrounds in other martial arts have been promoted directly to black belt rank without going through any intermediate rank. Since its inception in Brazil, Jiu-Jitsu has had different registered federations and tournaments some organizations illegitimately calling themselves federations.

Among the most prestigious of the many federations are the Sport Jiu Jitsu International Federation SJJIF , a nonprofit organization with federations and tournaments around the globe with the mission of making Jiu-Jitsu an Olympic sport, and the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation, a profit organization that hosts a number of tournaments.

While there are numerous local and regional tournaments administered regularly by private individuals and academies, there are two major entities in Jiu-Jitsu circles. California, New York, and Texas are the three states in the US which host tournaments most frequently. Another tournament to spring from the founding Gracie lineage is the Gracie Nationals or Gracie Worlds. In , the Gracie Worlds introduced a new submission-only format, removing certain judging systems that many interpreted as an outdated scoring system.

Rose spoke about this change when she said, 'Today's tournaments aren't what my grandfather [Helio Gracie] envisioned. There's so many rules that it takes away from the actual art of Jiu-Jitsu. We don't see many submissions. We see cheating, we see decisions made by a referee. We need to stand together against this and support a submission only kind of revolution.

That's cheating. This discontent with points-based and advantage-style competition has been echoed throughout the Jiu-Jitsu community, leading to many prominent submission-only style events. At these events, the winner of a match is determined only by submission, and these tournaments at times have no time limit, or are timed with a result of double disqualification if there is no submission victory. This form of tournament have yet to become widespread.

Metamoris, a grappling competition event run by Rose's brother Ralek Gracie, has helped advocate this tournament form. Other submission-only events have cropped up all over the world including TUFF invitational and Polaris Pro, and many others. Tournament organizers can minimize the chance of close-outs by placing athletes from the same team on opposite sides of the bracket, a practice which makes the finals the only match in which they could possibly meet assuming each team has no more than two competitors in a given bracket.